Quantum simulation is an exceptionally vivid field of research embracing several areas of physics, ranging from atomic, molecular, and optical physics, to condensed-matter, nuclear, gravitational and high-energy physics, as well as quantum information science. The goal of quantum simulation is to address important, yet unsolved quantum Hamiltonians by “synthesizing” them in experimental quantum systems so as to directly measure the properties of these models, otherwise very hard to be handled by classical computations.